Microbial Agents: The Heart of Composters – How Do They Work?

Microbial agents are the unsung heroes behind efficient composting systems. By accelerating organic decomposition and ensuring nutrient-rich output, these microorganisms power the core functionality of modern composters. Here’s a breakdown of their critical roles and operational mechanisms.

Types of Microbial Agents in Composting

Two key microbial strains drive the composting process:

1. Thermophilic Bacteria (Bacillus spp.)

These heat-loving bacteria dominate the rapid heating phase, breaking down complex organic matter and raising temperatures to 60–70°C. This not only speeds decomposition but also eliminates pathogens and weed seeds.

2. Cellulose-Degrading Microbes

Specialized fungi and bacteria target fibrous materials like fruit peels, vegetable scraps, and crop residues. Their enzymatic activity converts cellulose into simpler compounds, ensuring thorough decomposition of tough organic waste.

Optimal Dosage and Maintenance

Effective microbial agent application requires precision:

Initial Inoculation

Add microbial agents at 0.5% of the total feedstock weight during startup. This establishes a dominant microbial population to outcompete native microbes.

Periodic Replenishment

After processing 10 tons of waste, replenish microbial agents to prevent indigenous microbes from overtaking the system. This maintains decomposition efficiency and stabilizes compost quality.

Sustaining Microbial Activity

The SUNEFUN patented temperature-controlled mixing system ensures:

• Oxygen Supply: Maintains oxygen levels above 15% to support aerobic microbial activity, critical for odor-free composting.

• Temperature Regulation: Balances heat distribution to avoid overheating (above 70°C) while sustaining thermophilic conditions for rapid decomposition.